What is the thermal cycle Carnot?
The CARNOT thermal cycle, more precisely called the Carnot cycle, is an idealized thermodynamic cycle that is used to determine the maximum possible efficiency of the thermal engine operating between two temperatures. It is used for theoretical purposes, but cannot actually work in physical systems. Although theoretically, the engine could be designed that operates almost maximum efficiency, the heat transfer in the cycle is too slow to be a practical system. The main value of the Carnot cycle is to determine maximum efficiency for other types of thermal motors.
In the design of the Carnot thermal cycle, two assumptions are made to provide maximum efficiency - all processes are reversible and do not change entropy. The reversible process is the one that can be returned to its original state without losing energy. entropy is the amount of energy in a system that is not available for work. According to the second law of thermodynamics, the amount of entropy in the systemmust increase or remain the same when the process occurs. None of these assumptions can be met under natural conditions, but are useful in determining maximum efficiency.
The four processes repeat in the Carnot thermal cycle. The first is isothermal expansion . "Isothermal" means that the temperature remains the same throughout the process. During this, the volume increases and the pressure decreases and energy is added to the system.
Another process known as adiabatic expansion . In adiabatic processes, no heat is obtained by the system. Temperature changes occur due to pressure and volume changes. For this particular step, the pressure decreases and the volume increases to reduce the temperature.
The third is isothermal compression . During this PR, pressure decreases and the volume is reduced and the energy is removed from the system. Finally, adiabatic compression is done to makeThe system returned to its original state. The pressure increases and the volume decreases to increase the temperature.
Given the assumption that there is no change in entropy during the Carnot cycle, it could be infinitely and maintained the same amount of energy every time it returned to its original state. However, there is still some entropy in this idealized system, which means that it cannot be 100% effective. The actual efficiency of the Carnot thermal cycle can be calculated by its maximum and minimum temperature on the temperature scale or Kelvin (K). In this equation, the minimum temperature is deducted from the maximum and this number is then divided by the maximum temperature.