What is cellular immunity?
Immunity mediated by cells, also known as cellular immunity, is one of the two types of adoptive immune system inside the body. He is mostly responsible for the fight against microbes and antigens or foreign substances inside the cells. A key part of the immunity of mediated cells is a key part of the immunity of mediated cells. They are produced in the bone marrow and remain in the thyroid gland for maturation. When t lymphocytes mature in the thymus, approximately 60% to 70% circulate in the blood, while the rest is located in lymph nodes and spleen.
The presence of microbes and antigens inside the body usually causes the body's immune response. Fagocytes, cells capable of absorbing microbes are often the first to approach these substances. After absorbing antigens, phagocytes show specific receptors in their cellular membranes that are able to recognize specific T lymphocytes. These phagocytes are also known as cells presenting antigen. When t lymphocytes recognize and bind to cell receptors presentingAntigen, immunity mediated by cell inside the body.
In the framework of the immune response, various cytokines are formed, which are important in further activation of other cells of the immune system such as interleukins, factor of tumor necrosis and interferons. Cytokines are proteins that help regulate immunity. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, natural killer cells and macrophages that are capable of destroying infected cells were also activated. The final result of these different events is the destruction of cells infected with antigen or destruction of absorbed microbes such as viruses, bacteria and fungi.
delayed hypersensitivity is the negative effect of immunity mediated cells inside the body. This is usually observed when rejecting tissue or organs transplants, contact with dermatitis and host Štěpuchorob. Transplanted tissues and organs are identified by the body as foreign, which can lead to immunereaction against a foreign substance. In contact dermatitis, the cells are activated by the presence of certain chemicals in the skin, leading to the development of a rash. T-lymphocytes of donor cells often play a role in the development of grafts and hosts in many patients.
The second type of adoptive immune system is humoral immunity. This is mostly mediated by B lymphocytes that are produced in the bone marrow. Approximately 10% to 20% of mature B lymphocytes are found to circulate in the blood. They are mostly responsible for producing antibodies that are important in combating microbes and antigens outside cells.