What is the connection between the synthesis of nucleic acid and protein?
Synthesis of nucleic acid and protein is connected by a number of steps that occur in biological cells. Genetic information about a living organism, which is coded in its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), is expressed by the synthesis of proteins. The interaction of nucleic acid and protein synthesis can be divided into two processes: transcriptions in which DNA information is rewritten to ribonucleic acid (RNA) and translation in which RNA Template is used to create protein.
DNA molecule consists of two long chains of subunits called nucleotides that are connected to each other to form a characteristic shape of double helix. Each nucleotide contains a molecular component known as nucleobase, from which there are four types: adenin (a), guanine (g), cytosine (C) and thymin (t). In RNA, Thymin is replaced by uracil (U). The genetic information of the organism is stored in repeating samples of these four bases. Each nucleobase form a couple base with complementary nucleobase on the opposite roarNězzci - Adenin is bound to thymin or uracil and guanine binds to cytosine.
During transcription, the first step in joining the synthesis of nucleic acid and protein, the enzymes distribute DNA into its two components. The Messenger RNA molecule (MRNA) is then assembled from the exposed DNA template. MRNA consists of enzymes that connect complementary nucleobases to ENS in DNA and make a copy of information in the nucleotide chain. This chain is then released from the bottom and creates a single -thread molecule.
Transcription occurs in the core of the cell, but the next step, translation, occurs in the cytoplasm - specifically in the place of organelle known as ribosomes. MRNA moves into ribosome and is decoded in sets of three-nucleotide codons. Each MRNA codon responds to a complementary anti -concrete car carried by the RNA (TRNA) transfer. For example, the MRNA Kodon with the foundations of the couple corresponds to the thorn of anti -wicked cua.
every molecule tRNA consists of a nucleotide triplet connected to a specific amino acid. As Trnas connects to the MRNA chain, the amino acids that bear the joining, form a polypeptide chain. Finally, the translation is completed and the polypeptide chain is completed and creates a protein.
transcription and translational synthesis of nucleic acid and protein in several ways. Information in MRNA controls the amino acid sequence in the polypeptide chain to determine the protein created. MRNA is designed from the original DNA sequence. Thorn, another nucleic acid, also plays an important role in the construction of a polypeptide chain. In this way, the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins are biological concepts that are complicated.