What is in biology, what is the central dogma?

Central dogma (sometimes capitalized as a central dogma) Molecular biology is that information in biological systems flows only in one direction: from bottom to RNA to proteins. The central dogma was first formulated by Francis Crick, one of the co -founders of the DNA structure, in 1958 and popularized in nature published in 1970. Since it was formulated, the central dogma was not always detained (unlike its name). Laborators) possible.

The term "central dogma" is just a sentence; This does not mean that the idea is infallible or somehow associated with religious dogma. Crick later regretted the use of the word "dogma" to explain his idea, because of all the problems he caused him.

In biology there are three typical types of information flow that occur in all living cells: DNA modifying, DNA on RNA ARNA for proteins. DNA is capable of self -criticism in the process calledm Replication of DNA.

In the RNA cell, it serves as a proxy, a signator for DNA molecules synthesizing proteins. The process in which DNA creates RNA is called transcript. The complete deduction of DNA of any organism, called genome, contains a complete set of instructions for the production of all RNA and proteins that form the body. Once RNA is created DNA, it cannot be taken back or otherwise manipulated and RNA cannot change RNA. Once RNA synthesizes proteins (called translation), proteins cannot affect DNA or RNA information content. Although DNA can produce new proteins that remove or otherwise manipulate existing proteins.

In the laboratory or with viruses, three other manipulations are possible. One of them is the RNA modifying DNA, called reverse transcription. This happens in the case of RNA retroviruses such as HIV, the kidnapping of the apparatus of the host cell. Another manipulation is handling RNA, which is calledRNA replication that occurs in some RNA viruses. The last is the direct translation of the DNA into a protein, which is proven several times in the laboratory, although it remains largely unexplored.

Several manipulations are impossible, at least with our current level of technology. These include retrospective monitoring from protein to DNA or RNA that have created it, or using proteins to create other proteins.