What is a particle ray?
The particle beam is a beam of accelerated particles, usually charged particles (ions). Applications in real life of particle beam include particle accelerators ("atomic smashers"), plasma physics, cathode tube, computer displays and cancer therapies. After a short rush of weapons for the particle weapons in the 80s, these investigations were mostly abandoned, while lasers and other controlled energy weapons were nowadays gaining attention and research dollars. A natural example of the particle beam would be a flash where electrons make a jump from negatively charged clouds to neutral soil.
Most of the beam types consist of charged particles such as protons or electrons, because charged particles are easily accelerated by magnets. Most particle beams are formed by lowering the particle stream through a number of devices, each lending the beam a little nudging until it is accelerated to a significant speed. In some partial accelerators, this speed can beup to 99.999% of light speed. Particle rays consisting of electrons tend to be the fastest, because these particles are more than a thousand times lighter than protons, and can therefore be accelerated.
Although the term "beam of particles" feels sci-fi, the particles are found on all cathode rays televisions. Even all electrical cables can be considered a type of electron particle beam, although their path is rarely linear. On television, the cathode beam tube is produced by an electron gun. The electron gun fires electrons on the fluorescent screen that lights up in response to incoming particles and creates a picture.
One innovative use of particles of beams is in radiation therapy where the particle beam is aimed at killing cancer cells. The disadvantage of this approach is damage to healthy cells Arisis of Exposure Excessive radiation. By a mechanism of the purposeInca is radiation damaging DNA malignant cells, causing it unable to produce indeed. One of the challenges in this type of radiation therapy is the formation of tumors with low oxygen content-which grow their blood supply. Tumors with high oxygen levels are ideal for radiation therapy because the bombing of oxygenated tissue releases numerous free radicals that cause secondary damage to cancer cells.
The strongest particles in the world are those used in the largest particles of accelerators, such as the Great Hadron Collider (LHC) near Geneva in Switzerland. The Great Hadron Collider lies in the tunnel 27 km (17 miles) in the perimeter, up to 175 m (570 ft) underground. For the price of about $ 10 billion USD (US dollars), LHC is one of the largest and most expensive machines ever built.