What is diploid?

Diploid is a term used to describe a cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes. Most mammals, including people, have primarily diploid cells. The umbrella term "Ploids" is used to generally refer to the number of chromosome sets in the cell and animals can show a wide range of Ploid forms. For example, a haploid cell has only one set of chromosomes, while the tetraploid cell has four. The only diploid stem cell may multiply and divide into the whole organism under the right conditions, and when this organism is born, its cells will continue to multiply and divide until death occurs. Diploid cells can also be divided to form haploid cells that contain half of the genetic material of the parent cell. These haploid cells can be used in reproduction, with two haploid cells from different parents to create a single stem cell that mixes the genetic material of the parents.

With the exception of germ cells in the testes and ovaries, all cells in the human body are diploid in nature, with a complete set of genetic plans. In each cell, only certain parts of the genome are activated and they determine which type of cell it will be: for example, hair and skin cells are very different. The human body is constantly changing and developing, so these cells must be able to continue to multiply throughout their lives.

Together, the chromosomes in the diploid cell are homologous, each chromosome in a set containing a counterpart in the second set, with which it can pair during meiosis. During this process, the chromosomes coincide with their counterparts and exchange genetic material. When the chromosomes break again, daughter chromosomes differ from their parents. This is that the haploid cells used in reproduction contain a different mixture of genetic material, which contributes to genetic diversity and makes the species more resistant.

Ploidia understanding can be important for understanding inheritance. NapThe fact that genetic material is mixed every time haploid cells are created is important because it explains why children of the same parents can be so radically different because each contains a different mixture of genetic information. Ploids also explain how dominant and recessive features work; With recessive properties, someone must inherit the gene in both sets of chromosomes, while the dominant features are manifested when only one set contains the gene.