What are bacterial toxins?

bacterial toxins are by -products produced by pathogenic microbes that have settled in the body. Bacteria can enter the host by various means such as consuming contaminated food or water. Bacteria can also be introduced through mucous membranes, either by direct contact with the source or as a result of breathing bacteria transmitted by air. The type of released bacterial toxins depends on the type of invasive bacteria.

The cellular structure of the bacterium also affects what types of bacterial toxins are formed. While all bacteria have individual cells, there is a difference between their external membranes, which results in two bacteria classification: gram-positive or gram-negative. This resolution is visible when it is subjected to a "gram stain", which is an injection of purple dye and subsequent alcohol washing. The cells that retain the color of the dye are gram positive; Those who are not gram -negative.

There are several types of bacterial toxins that can infiforged body in various places. For example, enterotoxins are toxic proteins generated in the intestines. Neurotoxins specifically target nerve cells. In addition, some enzymes can be created that can disrupt metabolic functioning. However, there are two primary groups of bacterial toxins, in which the above generally fall in terms of mechanism: exotoxins and endotoxins.

Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria produce exotoxins, some of which are quite poisonous. For example, tetanus is caused by a bacterial toxin produced by Clostridium tetani , which acts as a neurotoxin. In general, the severity of symptoms and recovery rate depends on how infection occurs. However, only a small amount of pure toxin has been found to be fatal. Fortunately, these bacteria and other exotoxins can be adapted to produce preventive vaccines.

endotoxins are UVlicking with gram -negative bacteria. At first, they are not as aggressive as exototoxins because of the fact that they remain largely contained in the cell walls of bacteria. However, as these cells complete their life cycle and die, the circulating volume of this toxin increases. In addition, they cannot be used to produce vaccines.

normally the body attempts to eliminate bacterial toxins before it causes damage. The immune system is the first defense line, but can be amazed by bacterial replication. In fact, inflammation is a sign that bacterial overgrowth occurs. In this case, the immune system will do another best thing - move bacteria out of the way. Fat cells are usually selected storage spaces, which can lead to the formation of cysts and tumors.

Without intervention, bacterial toxins can eventually accumulate to a point where they move from fat cells and other body tissues. This process may take years to develop, but degenerative disease is often the final result.In fact, many conditions related to age and metabolic disorders are associated with the long -term accumulation of these toxins, including heart disease, cancer, arthritis and diabetes.