What is the microchip?

Microarray is a sequence of dots of DNA, protein or tissue arranged in the field for easy simultaneous analysis. The most famous is DNA Microarray, which plays an integral role in profiling of gene expression. The substrate material is glass, plastic or silicon chip. The alternative MicroRray DNA names include gene chip , DNA chip and biochip . Small DNA bits are called probes .

microchip can be produced in different ways. The most primitive is to drop the bottoms on the slides using pins. More sophisticated techniques use photolithography, electrochemical approaches and even inkjet printing - anything that can give the DNA accurate place exactly. Microarray allows the researcher to perform tests on all samples simultaneously and speed up research dramatic dramatic. Traditional biological experimentation works on things one by one. The probes are sometimes marked with dots called fluorofores when they cannot be easily told.

Some of the largest microchips that are created by companies such as Nimblegen systems contain up to 390,000 spots. The microchip is often used in the analysis of the entire genome of the body, which can contain dozens of chromosomes or more, each with its own DNA and RNA. Unfortunately, not all microchips are mutually compatible and there is an apparent lack of standards. Standardization efforts are underway, but still without much success.

Like most of the top biotechnological research programs, microchip tests can produce a huge amount of data, leading to bioinformatics that is trying to do it all. There may be discoveries and correlations that we have already measured, but simply did not notice because of data overflow. Data mining is extensively used to analyze the results of these complex experiments.