What is the lung atresia?
lung atresia is a congenital heart defect in which the lung valves cannot form properly and completely blocks the passage of blood into the lungs. The pulmonary valve is the primary function of the lung valve to supply the blood back to the lungs to pick up oxygen. When the valve is so malformed that it does not provide any way to smaller pulmonary artery, heart failure is immediate if it is not surgically solved.
Often lung atresia are accompanied by other defects. In the lung atresy, the Fallot tetralogy variant often occurs. In other cases, the formation of lung valves and the right chamber are affected. This serious, though rare set of defects, called the hypoplastic right heart syndrome, cannot be corrected, but is solved either through presented fontan operations or by transplantation.
Whether alone or accompanied by other defects, lung atresia must be treated during the first few days of the child's life. Diagnosis if not produced by usually produced as soon as the babyThey give birth when a newborn appears intensively cyanotic or blue. Although all children seem to be somewhat blue after delivery, they become more pink when their system flows oxygenated. However, a child with pulmonary atresia does not become more pink, but within minutes it can actually become paler and more cyanotic.
nursing obstetricians or other medical staff will notice cyanosis. If necessary, the child is transferred to a facility with pediatric cardiological and surgical departments for immediate treatment. More happy parents may have either a prenatal diagnosis of lung atresia through ultrasound, or can give birth to their children in the hospital with the cardiology department, so the transfer is not necessary. In both cases, the diagnosis will be confirmed shortly after the birth of a fetal echocardiogram, a sonogram of the heart.
Before surgery, the child is often administered by intravenous medicine, prostaglandin e, kTerý helps prevent patent ductus from closing. This small hole in the atrial wall of the septum normally closes within a few hours after birth. It creates a passage for oxygenated and unoxenic blood to mix, allowing some oxygenated blood to get to the baby's body with pulmonary atresia.
Prostaglandin E can only work a few days before heart failure occurs. The next step for many infants with pulmonary atresia is surgical. Surgeons are carried out by shunt Blalock-Tussig (B-T), which replaces the patent ductus. Shunt is a small tube that allows blood mixing so that the tissues can receive blood rich in oxygen. Even at short circuit, oxygen saturation levels in the affected child are often somewhere between 80-85%, compared to a normal rate of 96-100%.
Although most people would be fatal in low oxygen, the case of a child with a B-T short circuit. Infants and young children can survive with this reduced oxygenation, even if it can affect growth, cause KLLipive and lead to any heart failure. B-T short circuit is only the first step, but it provides a child time to grow before attempting to repair if possible. In Fallot tetralogy with pulmonary atresy, surgeons can decide to give up short circuit and fix the defects at once, including replacing the pulmonary flap of pig, beef or donor valve. It is considered to be a standard replacement of the lung valve every eight to ten years, as the child grows the valve.
In the Hypoplastic Right Heart with lung atresy, a fontan procedure is performed in several staged operations during the first few years of life. In the final phase, malformated lung valves are simply removed and stump sewing into the heart. To avoid blood clots, children who had either a valve replacement, or The Fontan must take a low dose aspirin daily.
When the lung atresia represents itself, surgeons perform a valve replacement. However, lung atresia is quite rare in itself. In PRThe child's growth must be monitored and replaced.
Once the surgical repair is completed, the child requires annual heart monitoring. However, even with the presence of a hypoplastic true heart, surgery, they provide a good result to the child, although transplantation is required 15-30 years after the fontan. In a child with uncomplicated pulmonary atresia, the outlook is excellent, even if future operations will need to be replaced by growing valves.